Twenty-five Hero Dogs

http://www.dogguide.net/25-hero-dogs.php

Why Breeders and Vets Must Tell the Public About Canine Parvovirus

I write this article because I truly love dogs. Lets just think about an animal for a moment (specifically the dog) and what he or she means to you.  A dog first and formats is our protector. They tell us when something is amidst in the immediate area. A dog will guide you right to that person or thing that has come on your property uninvited. Once discovered, your dog is willing to risk his or her life for you thinking that he or she is some type of supere-dog without consideration of its size.

A dog should always live with a single woman or man because of dog's ability to guide its owner to an intruder or any other threat that may be about to occur within or on your property. Hundreds of thousands of young single women have died in their homes while asleep because she did not hear the intruder coming into her home. If she would have had a dog, then she would have been awaken by the dog's reactions to what he or she was hearing and may have been able to save her life.

A dog doesn't need to be any particular size because they all share unique qualities of sight and sound. They hear what we cannot. They smell what we cannot and no matter their size, they are not afraid to let you know that danger is near. Ready and willing to give up his or her life to save yours. That is what a dog means and should means to all, but thats not always the case. An owner should always be willing to give his or her dog the best life they can because a dog has a very short lift span. Without a doubt, I have left out a lot about an owner and dog's relationship, but I think you see my point. So lets talk about the issue at hand, "Why breeders and vets must tell the public about parvo."

If you have had the opportunity to see your dog go through the pain of this highly deadly disease called canine parvovirus, then you know you would never want any dog to go through this hardship.

Canine Parvovirus is the number one killer of thousands of dogs each year. But did you know its one of  the easiest to cure. Parvo is an easy treated disease, I know I just saved my five (5) puppies from this deadly disease. Ninty-Nine percent (99%) of all dogs that die from this disease is because their new owner has never heard of, not familiar with this disease, or how to recognize the signs of parvo. In order to keep this deadly disease under control, new owners need to know the signs of parvo and how to deal with this disease. When a new owner purchase his or her dog, the dog doesn't come with instructions, directions or a list of deadly disease that he or she cab catch through his or her nasal cavity. Our local SPCA and Animal Shelter should give this information out freely. We need a law that will require all private breeders, local SPCA and Animal Shelters to inform the public about canine parvo.

Usually when you take your dog to your local animal shelter to be sprayed or neutered, get are told what it will cost, but when you go to retrieve your dog you a told that you cannot take the dog home unless you get his or her shots. There is no mention of prevention of parvovirus.

When you take your dog to your local SPCA to be sprayed or neutered, you get just that. When your dogs become ill with parvo, you are unaware that that is what your dog is suffering from. The vet will tell you to keep the dog outside until they are ready to see them.

So I say this to say just one thing. There needs to be a law that demands all breeders, shelters and spca facilities needs to inform the public on the signs and symptom of parvovirus.

History of Canine Parvovirus

History of Parvo

(CPV2) (more common form)

History of Canine Parvovirus

Canine Parvovirus is one of the most contagious and swift killing disease of dogs. Discovered in the late 1970s, but was not recognized until sometime in 1978 and spread worldwide sometime within a year or two. Dog parvo is very similar to feline panleukopennia (also a parvovius). They are 98% identical, differing only in two amino acids in the viral capsid protein VP2.The early belief was that the feline panleukopenia mutated into CPV2. It is possible that CPV2 is a mutant of an unidentified parvovirus (similar to feline parvovirus (FPV)) of some wild carnivore. A strain of CPV2b (strain FP84) has been shown to cause disease in a small percentage of domestic cats, although vaccination for FPV seems to be protective. CPV2, however, does not cause disease in cats and does so only mildly in mink and raccoons, and is a virus almost exclusively affecting canines.The origin of the canine parvovirus has not been established (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canine_parvovi

1st Case of Parvo Virus

Sharraqh Afghaans - First Confirmed Case of Parvo in the Midwest - 1979

After 8 years in the Breed (1979), Sharrah’s first litter experienced tragedy and became the first confirmed case of Canine Parvo virus (CPV) in the Midwest. Parvo emerged as an epidemic and tens of thousands of dogs died world wide. 

Read about what canine parvovirus is

What is Canine Parvovirus CPV

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2, colloquially parvo) is a contagious virus mainly affecting dogs. The disease is highly contagious and is spread from dog to dog by direct or indirect contact with their feces. It can be especially severe in puppies that are not protected by maternal antibodies or vaccination. It has two distinct presentations, a cardiac and intestinal form. The common signs of the intestinal form are severe vomiting and dysentery. The cardiac form causes respiratory or cardiovascular failure in young puppies. Treatment often involves veterinary hospitalization. Vaccines can prevent this infection, but mortality can reach 91% in untreated cases. Canine parvovirus will not infect. It is also highly similar to mink enteritis, and the parvoviruses of raccoons and foxes. The early belief was that the feline panleukopenia mutated into CPV2. It is possible that CPV2 is a mutant of an unidentified parvovirus (similar to feline parvovirus (FPV)) of some wild carnivore. A strain of CPV2b (strain FP84) has been shown to cause disease in a small percentage of domestic cats, although vaccination for FPV seems to be protective. CPV2, however, does not cause disease in cats and does so only mildly in mink and raccoons, and is a virus almost exclusively affecting canines.

Two more strains of canine parvovirus CPV2a and CPV2b were identified in 1979 and 1984 respectively. Most cases of canine parvovirus infection are believed to be caused by these two strains, which have replaced the original strain, and the present day virus is different from the one originally discovered although they are indistinguishable by most routine tests. A third type, CPV2c (a Glu-426 mutant), has been discovered in Italy, Vietnam, and Spain

Read about Intestinal Form of Parvo

Intestinal form

Dogs become infected through oral contact with CPV2 in feces, infected soil, or fomites that carry the virus. Following ingestion, the virus replicates in the lymphoid tissue in the throat, and then spreads to the bloodstream. From there, the virus attacks rapidly dividing cells, notably those in the lymph nodes, intestinal crypts, and the bone marrow. There is depletion of lymphocytes in lymph nodes and necrosis and destruction of the intestinal crypts. Anaerobic bacteria that normally reside in the intestines can then cross into the bloodstream, a process known as translocation, and cause sepsis. The most common bacteria involved in severe cases are Clostridia, Campylobacter and salmonella species. This can lead to a syndrome known as Systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS). SIRS leads to a range of complications such as hypercoagulability of the blood, endotoxaemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). Bacterial Myocarditis has also been reported secondarily to sepsis. Dogs with CPV are at risk of intussusception, a condition where part of the intestine prolapses into another part. Three to four days following infection, the virus is shed in the feces for up to three weeks, and the dog may remain an asymptomatic carrier and shed the virus periodically. The virus is usually more deadly if the host is concurrently infested with worms or other intestinal parasites

Read about the Cardiac Form

Cardiac form

This form is less common and affects puppies infected in the uterus or shortly after birth until about 8 weeks of age.The virus attacks the heart muscle and the puppy often dies suddenly or after a brief period of breathing difficulty. On the microscopic level, there are many points of necrosis of the heart muscle that are associated with mononuclear cellular infiltration. The formation of excess fibrous tissue (fibrosis) is often evident in surviving dogs. Myofibers are the site of viral replication within cells.The disease may or may not be accompanied with the signs and symptoms of the intestinal form. However, this form is now rarely seen due to widespread vaccination of breeding dogs.

Even less frequently, the disease may also lead to a generalized infection in neonates and cause lesions and viral replication and attack in other tissues other than the gastrointestinal tissues and heart, but also brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, and adrenal cortex. The lining of the blood vessels are also severely affected, which lead the lesions in this region to hemorrhage.

Read about Treatment

Treatment

Since the disease is a viral infection, there is no real cure for it. Treatment is focused on curing the symptoms and preventing secondary bacterial infections, preferably in a hospital environment. Intensive therapy and system support are the key to recovery. Intravenous fluid and nutrition therapy is crucial in maintaining a dog’s normal body fluid after severe diarrhea and dehydration, and protein and electrolyte levels will be monitored and regulated as necessary. Medications that may be used in the treatment include drugs to curb vomiting (antiemetics), H2 Blockers to reduce nausea, antibiotics, and anthelmintics to fight parasites. The survival rate in dogs is about 70 percent, but death may sometimes result from severe dehydration, a severe secondary bacterial infection, bacterial toxins in the blood, or a severe intestinal hemorrhage. Prognosis is lower for puppies, since they have a less developed immune system. It is common for a puppy that is infected with CPV to suffer shock, and sudden death.

Read about how you dog's Fetus is affected

Infection of the fetus

This type of infection can occur when a pregnant female dog is infected with CPV2. The adult may develop immunity with little or no clinical signs of disease. The virus may have already crossed the placenta to infect the fetus. This can lead to several abnormalities. In mild to moderate cases the pups can be born with neurological abnormalities such as cerebellar hypoplasia.[25]

Signs & Symptoms

Signs and symptoms

Dogs that develop the disease show symptoms of the illness within 5 to 10 days. The symptoms include lethargy, vomiting, fever, and diarrhea (usually bloody). Diarrhea and vomiting result in dehydration and secondary infections can set in. Due to dehydration, the dog's electrolyte balance can become critically affected. Because the normal intestinal lining is also compromised, blood and protein leak into the intestines leading to anemia and loss of protein, and endotoxins escaping into the bloodstream, causing endotoxemia. Dogs have a distinctive odor in the later stages of the infection. The white blood cell level falls, further weakening the dog. Any or all of these factors can lead to shock and death. The first sign of CPV is lethargy. Usually the second symptoms would be loss of appetite or diarrhea followed by vomiting.

The Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made through detection of CPV2 in the feces by either an EIA or a hemagglutination test, or by electron microscopy. PCR has become available to diagnose CPV2, and can be used later in the disease when potentially less virus is being shed in the feces that may not be detectable by EIA. Clinically, the intestinal form of the infection can sometimes be confused with coronavirus or other forms of enteritis. Parvovirus, however, is more serious and the presence of bloody diarrhea, a low white blood cell count, and necrosis of the intestinal lining also point more towards parvovirus, especially in an unvaccinated dog. The cardiac form is typically easier to diagnose because the symptoms are distinct.

Prevention and Decontamination

Prevention and decontamination

Prevention is the only way to ensure that a puppy or dog remains healthy because the disease is extremely virulent and contagious. The virus is extremely hardy and has been found to survive in feces and other organic material such as soil for over a year. It survives extremely cold and hot temperatures. The only household disinfectant  that kills the virus is bleach.

Puppies are generally vaccinated in a series of doses, extending from the earliest time that the immunity derived from the mother wears off until after that passive immunity is definitely gone. Older puppies (16 weeks or older) are given 3 vaccinations 3 to 4 weeks apart. The duration of immunity of vaccines for CPV2 has been tested for all major vaccine manufacturers in the United States and has been found to be at least three years after the initial puppy series and a booster 1 year later.

A dog that successfully recovers from CPV2 generally remains contagious for up to three weeks, but it is possible they may remain contagious for up to six. Ongoing infection risk is primarily from fecal contamination of the environment due to the virus's ability to survive many months in the environment. Neighbours and family members with dogs should be notified of infected animals so that they can ensure that their dogs are vaccinated or tested for immunity. The vaccine will take up to 2 weeks to reach effective levels of immunity; the contagious individual should remain in quarantine until other animals are protected.

Treatment

Treatment

Survival rate depends on how quickly CPV is diagnosed, the age of the animal and how aggressive the treatment is. Treatment usually involves extensive hospitalization, due to the severe dehydration and damage to the intestines and bone marrow. A CPV test should be given as early as possible if CPV is suspected in order to begin early treatment and increase survival rate if the disease is found.

Treatment ideally also consists of crystalloid IV fluids and/or colloids, antinausea injections (antiemetics) such as metoclopramide, dolasetron, ondansetron and prochlorperazine, and antibiotic injections such as cefoxitin, metronidazole, timentin, or enrofloxacin. IV fluids are administered and antinausea and antibiotic injections are given subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously. The fluids are typically a mix of a sterile, balanced electrolyte solution, with an appropriate amount of B-complex vitamins, dextrose and potassium chloride. Analgesic medications such as buprenorphine are also used to counteract the intestinal discomfort caused by frequent bouts of diarrhea.

In addition to fluids given to achieve adequate rehydration, each time the puppy vomits or has diarrhea in a significant quantity, an equal amount of fluid is administered intravenously. The fluid requirements of a patient are determined by the animal's body weight, weight changes over time, degree of dehydration at presentation and surface area.

A blood plasma transfusion from a donor dog that has already survived CPV is sometimes used to provide passive immunity to the sick dog. Some veterinarians keep these dogs on site, or have frozen serum available. There have been no controlled studies regarding this treatment. Additionally, fresh frozen plasma and human albumin transfusions can help replace the extreme protein losses seen in severe cases and help assure adequate tissue healing.

Once the dog can keep fluids down, the IV fluids are gradually discontinued, and very bland food slowly introduced. Oral antibiotics are administered for a number of days depending on the white blood cell count and the patient's ability to fight off secondary infection. A puppy with minimal symptoms can recover in 2 or 3 days if the IV fluids are begun as soon as symptoms are noticed and the CPV test confirms the diagnosis. If more severe, depending on treatment, puppies can remain ill from 5 days up to 2 weeks. However, even with hospitalization, there is no guarantee that the dog will be cured and survive.

Prognosis

Prognosis

Untreated cases of CPV2 have a mortality rate approaching 91%. With aggressive therapy, survival rates may approach 80-95%. (a 20% to 5% mortality rate).

Prevention

Prevention

The best prevention you can take against CPV infection is to follow the correct protocol for vaccination. Young puppies should be vaccinated at six, nine, and twelve weeks, and should not be socialized with outside dogs until at least two weeks after their last vaccinations. High-risk breeds may require a longer initial vaccination period of up to 22 weeks.

Please Read Because this is not True.

What Are Some Home Treatment Options?

Because parvovirus is such a serious disease, it is not recommended to attempt home treatment. Even with the best veterinary care, this disease is often fatal.

The canine parvovirus (CPV) infection is a highly contagious viral illness that affects dogs. The virus manifests itself in two different forms. The more common form is the intestinal form, which is characterized by vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and lack of appetite (anorexia). The less common form is the cardiac form, which attacks the heart muscles of very young puppies, often leading to death. The majority of cases are seen in puppies that are between six weeks and six months old. The incidence of canine parvovirus infections has been reduced radically by early vaccination in young puppies.

Believe it or not, this is what the vets make you do. Take your infected dog home and treat him or her at your home and if he or she dies, oh well.

Vets cannot afford to have your pet infect their clinic because they will lose clients.

Unconventional Treatments

 Unconventional treatments

There have been anecdotal reports of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) reducing disease severity and hospitalization time in canine parvovirus infection. The drug may limit the ability of the virus to invade the crypt cells of the small intestine and decrease gastrointestinal bacteria colonization and toxin production. Lastly, recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω), produced in silkworm larvae using a baculovirus vector, has been demonstrated by multiple studies to be an effective treatment.

Here are some of the signs that your pet has canine parvovirus

Parvovirus inside your pet intestine

Near Death Stage of Parvovirus

Serious sign of parvo is bloody stools 

Dog is not playing and in a lot of pain is a sign something amist.

This is the damage Parvo does to a dog's intestine

Early stage of parvovirus is blood in the stools.

Products needed to keep parvo out of your environment parvo safe

This is all you need to remove the canine parvovirus once its discovered your pet has this virus.

When you find yourself dealing with parvo, all you need is bleach to remove and clean your environment. Vets also have a disinfectant cleaner & deodorizers for their clinics that they should be selling to the public, but don't. I find that a sad state.

After you discover and are treating your dog for paro, wash down your front and backyard, all furnishing inside and outside the your home, carpets, all you pet's beds, toys with bleach to help kill the virus.

Twenty links for expert on canine parovirus

https://home.comcast.net/~dogwoods/Parvovirus.htm

http://www.experts123.com/q/what-is-canine-parvovirus.html

http://www.experts.scival.com/georgia/pubDetail.asp?t=pm&id=2155191&n=Fischer%2C+John+R&u_id=915

http://www.petalk.com/parvovirus.html

http://pets.webmd.com/dogs/parvovirus-in-dogs

http://www.experts.scival.com/ohsuV3/pubDetail.asp?t=pm&id=7061309&o_id=&

http://vetmedicine.about.com/od/diseasesandconditions/tp/Parvo.htm

http://abcnews.go.com/Health/story?id=5843526&page=1#.Tu6RnGCQdbw

http://www.ideamarketers.com/?Learn_More_about_the_Symptoms_and_Signs_of_Canine_Parvovirus&articleid=498474

http://perfectpuppycare.com/parvovirus/

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Dog+Parvo+Disease&FORM=BVFD

http://www.dog-health-guide.org/parvovirustreatment.html

http://www.healthcommunities.com/canine-parvovirus/treatment.shtml

http://www.parvoemergencytreatment.com/parvo-treatment-vets.php

http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+1556&aid=467

http://www.the-puppy-dog-place.com/canine-parvovirus.html

http://www.aspcapro.org/canine-parvovirus.php

http://www.petmd.com/dog/conditions/infectious-parasitic/c_dg_canine_parvovirus_infection#.Tu6v5mCQdbw

http://www.gsdhelp.info/paras/parvo.html

http://www.gentledoberman.com/veterinary-care/vaccination/canine-parvovirus

http://guardianrottweilers.com/parvovirus.aspx

Truly Beautiful Dogs, but VERY DEADLY TO HUMANS

http://www.capresas.com/Index.htm




WHAT HUMAN CAN HANDLE THIS DOG?

A HUMAN THAT RESPECTS THE BREED, IF NOT IT WILL KILL ITS OWNER. I CAN SEE MYSELF OWNING THIS DOG, BUT ONLY FIND MYSELF USING HIM FOR THE WRONG REASONS

 I WOULD USE THE DOG TO KILL SOMEONE THAT IS AN IMMEDIATE THREAT TO ME OR MY FAMILY

Dog Trainer test the bite force of three different breeds

Check out this video and then ask yourself whose training the dogs to be violent?  Then ask yourself why is it that the dog pays with his life.

Here are some of the signs of Parvovirus

Deadly Stage

Early Stage of Parovirus

Near Death

Wicked Crazy News

I just reviewed this website and while its title "Wicked Crazy News" there is nothing wicked or crazy about this news.  These are everyday occurrences. The word wicked imply evil and there is nothing evil about a Mountain lion and cat behind a glass door. What I have discover is that she said these are evil and wicked, yet she just did called me a bitch. How evil is that?  There is nothing crazy about a $100 bet is nothing crazy. What I wanted from this site were the crazy new that is out there, even as I write this blog.

From the position that I am in she is just making statement about people because that is her personality. Here is what I think is crazy. Leona Helmsley

Pit Bulls - The most misunderstood dogs

Pit Bull

The American Pit Bull is just one example of a powerful dog. It's also one of the most misunderstood dogs and because of that must, these dogs are put to death when they bit someone or kill another animal. Pits are dogs of protection and that is the reason most people purchase pit bulls. Owners often allow the dog to do their dirty deed. An owner may want to see the dog kill another dog. Its could be the owner is just cold-blooded or the owner may want to see the power of the pit. But whatever the reason, as a society, we have allowed and continue to allow people to misbehave because misbehaving creates jobs.

Without a doubt, this is a dangerous dog and in most cases it needs to be shot in order to stop it. The pit is stronger than any man and can and will kill him with a single bit to the throat. So to say that, I must also talk about pit who are non violent because of respectful owners. Owners who respect and love the breed teach it to be non violent. The life of the pit bull being at conception, where and who it end with is not in his control. By nature he is a gentle breed. It is only when it is taught to fight and kill that it become aggressive.

Wicked Crazy News

I just reviewed this website and while its title "Wicked Crazy News" there is nothing wicked or crazy about this news.  These are everyday occurrences. The word wicked imply evil and there is nothing evil about a Mountain lion and cat behind a glass door. What I have discovered is that she said these are evil and wicked, yet she just did the same thing by calling me a bitch. How evil is that?  There is nothing crazy about a $100 bet for a grown man to sit in a baby swing, because the joke's on him. What I wanted from this site were the crazy news stories that are out there, even as I write this blog.

From my position, she is just making statement about people because that is her personality. Here is what I think is crazy. Leona Helmsley

Patches finally reveal he is ill as well

Patches Colbert (As I said, Patches is very close to his mother, thats her next to him.)

Patches was the first born puppy he was pure pink and white when he came out the womb. He has the sweetest disposition and everyone loves and wants patches. He is so different from his brothers and sisters. He had a body full of white fluffy fur and fat and cute as every. To look at patches he seemed he didn't belong to the group of puppets. He is always in control and calm. He is non-confrontational and seem to draw people in. He is very close to his mother as he is today. I love to see Patches come home after an outing and walk up to his mother and kiss her. He sleeps next to her everyday and night. As he became older he started sleeping away from the rest of the family. He had lots of fur and seemed to get hot very easy. Then I figure out that it was because he had so much fur and overheated very quick. Each night he starts off by sleeping next to his mother, but shortly after falling asleep I see him jump off the bed and lie on the floor where its much cooler. He loves playing with his brothers and sisters and a lot of friends that comes over to play with them everyday. There is one secret that Patches has and that is he is afraid of height. 

During play time, all the puppies would get up under the sofa and pull apart  the bottom lining of the sofa. Patches is very caution with his life and never staid to far away from his mother. But that enough about Patches, let me tell you how I almost lost this very precious animal.

Tinkerbell my runt contracted canine parvovirus and it rapidly spread to the other three dogs. Gabby was the second dog to contract parvo, Baby G was the third dog and Bear was the fourth dog to contract parvo.  I must mention again that Bear became just as sick as his sister. I guess their systems are both weak. Now we are in the second week of Tinkerbell's illness and she is beginning to wag her tale, get up and work around, but she was still sick and weak. Then I noticed that Patches started sitting around and I immediately knew what to do. I started Patches on meds right away because I recognized the signs of parvo. I'm glad that I went through this experience because I can now recognize the symptoms and signs and stop the disease become it can take control over my dog's body.

Home Treatment

Large Needles

Syringe

5ml Ampicillin 200mg   and 20 units Metoclopramide

Buprenor 0.3/ml/ml 

Larger Needles

Bear trys to hide his illness

Bear Colbert

This is bear and what can I say about him that will bring a smile to your face. Bear is 4th in the birth line. He is the smarted dog of all five puppies, and word cannot express how intelligent Bear is. If he were human, he would be consider highly intelligent. I cannot keep him locked down. He knows how to get out of any situation.  I have an iron gate that blocks the entry in and out of my backyard. The gate must be eight or nine feet tall.  When he first started getting out, he would just through the iron gate's gaps and when he wanted to come back in the yard, he would just jump back through the iron gate bars. All the other dogs watched, but could not figure out how he was doing what he was doing or either they were to afraid to leave the backyard. Whatever the case maybe, Bear knew how to get around and to any place he wanted to go. When he was finished with his outing, he would just jump back through the iron bars. Then I had about 4 feet of metal wire placed on the gate to close it off so he could not jump through.  So he just climbs over the fence.  At any rate, I could tell you lots of stories of Bear. For instant, I have two upstairs bedrooms upstairs that must be thirty to fifty feet high. On any warm day, I often open the window so that some cool air will blow in to cool off the room, but for Bear it's an opportunity to jump out of the window and go and play. So you can see what I'm dealing with when it comes to Bear, but I'll end here to speak on a disease that almost claimed his life.

Bear was just as sick as the other dogs by the time Gabby and Baby G got well, but he did not want me to know his was sick. So he kept going outside playing and I could clearly see something was wrong. He started slowing down, he need to rest more often and finally when he came in for the night he cruel up in a corner of the living room and had a very sad and painful look on his face. The every next morning Bear was down and I mean he was just as sick as his sister.

By now Tinker had been seriously ill for the past seven days. Within throughs seven days, Gabby and Baby G took ill as well but recovered within 2 days. Then by Thursday Bear took sick and I mean he became just as sick as Tinker. It took bear about 4 days to recover. That Sunday I notice patches started to show the same signs.  He was just sitting in a corner of the room curled up and I knew immediately what to do and started Patches on his meds because he began to show signs of having parvo.

I'm glad I started him on his med early because but he recovered in two days. Tinkerbell suffered so much and for so long that my friend and family kept asking me to put her down. But I felt she deserved to live and although she suffered the most and her moan sent chiles though my family heart and they could not stand to hear her cry out in pain, she is the reason her brother's and sister is alive today.